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African American History

1619 to 1775
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1790 to 1860
1861 to 1865
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1790 to 1860

1793 - First Fugitive Slave Act

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 was an Act of the United States Congress to give effect to the Fugitive Slave Clause of the US Constitution, which was later superseded by the Thirteenth Amendment. The former guaranteed a right for a slaveholder to recover an escaped slave. Wikipedia
​Enacted by Congress in 1793, the first Fugitive Slave Act authorized local governments to seize and return escapees to their owners and imposed penalties on anyone who aided in their flight. ... The Fugitive Slave Acts were among the most controversial laws of the early 19th century.Feb 11, 2020
Fugitive Slave Acts - HISTORY
  • ​Fugitive Slave Act of 1793 - USHistory.org 
An Act respecting fugitives from justice, and persons escaping from the service of their masters. Be it enacted, &c., That, whenever the Executive authority of any ...
  • ​Congress enacts first fugitive slave law - HISTORY 
Congress passes the first fugitive slave law, requiring all states, including those ... of the 1793 law, and many passed laws ensuring fugitive slaves a jury trial.

1794 - Richard Allen founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the first independent Black denomination in the United States

Richard Allen was a minister, educator, writer, and one of America's most active and influential Black leaders. In 1794, he founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the first independent Black denomination in the United States. He opened his first AME church in 1794 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Wikipedia

​Fever: 1793 - Richard Allen: Apostle of Freedom

​For free educational materials, visit our website at www.historymakingproductions.com/webisode Philadelphia: The Great Experiment Webisode During the Yellow Fever epidemic of 1793, Richard Allen led African Americans to aid the sick, in hopes of bringing racial solidarity. Watch more at http://www.historyofphilly.com​ Check out our website! http://historymakingproductions.com/
  • Richard Allen | Christian History
Richard Allen and his associate Absalom Jones were the leaders of the black Methodist community in Philadelphia in 1793 when a yellow fever epidemic broke ...
  • ​Africans in America/Part 3/Richard Allen - PBS
Richard Allen was born in Philadelphia on February 14, 1760, the slave of Benjamin Chew, a prominent lawyer and Chief Justice of the Commonwealth from ...
  • ​Richard Allen - Ohio History Central
Richard Allen was the principal founder of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. He was born on February 14, 1760, in Germantown, Pennsylvania. Born a ...
  • ​Richard Allen, 1760-1831. The Life, Experience, and Gospel ...
The Life, Experience, and Gospel Labours of the Rt. Rev. Richard Allen. To Which is Annexed the Rise and Progress of the African Methodist Episcopal Church ...

Biography: Richard Allen

​Although Richard Allen (1760-1831) was born enslaved, he purchased his freedom; became a minister, educator, writer, and founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), the first independent black denomination in the United States. #MakeHistory​ #BlackHistory​ #BlackExcellence

The History of The Black Church - The Beginning

​For Full DVD visit Amazon.com at http://www.amazon.com/History-of-the-...​... Featured in the Smithsonian Museum Smithsonian Anacostia Community Museum on African American History, this DVD on The History of the Black Church is a rich and powerful story of perseverance and faith. In our humble efforts, we take (only) a small glimpse into that rich history-through the eyes of the pioneers of Mt. Olivet Baptist Church located in Portland, Oregon's oldest African American Baptist Church. Mt. Olivet is a strong youth oriented church under the leadership of Dr. James Martin. Dr. Martin is an avid teacher of the word through his "Helps for Life" ministries which focuses on today's challenges for all people of faith. http://www.mtolivet.com/pages/page.as...

1800 - Gabriel's Conspiracy

  • Gabriel's Conspiracy - Library of Virginia
A charismatic blacksmith named Gabriel, who was owned by Thomas Prosser, of Henrico County, planned to enter Richmond with force, capture the Capitol and ...

Forging Freedom: The Story of Gabriel's Rebellion

​Were it not for a typical late summer storm in Central Virginia, the events planned for August 30, 1800 might have changed the history of our country forever. A slave named Gabriel, owned by Thomas Henry Prosser of Brookfield plantation, conceived and organized a widespread slave uprising. Involving several Virginia localities, it was possibly the most far-reaching slave uprising planned in the history of the South. The plan might have succeeded had it not been for a sudden, severe downpour and the disclosure of the plot by several slaves, including Tom and Pharoah, who belonged to Mosby Sheppard of Meadow Farm. The alarm went out and the rebellion was thwarted. The effects of the conspiracy were profound and as a result, county and state leaders instituted legislation to regulate the movement of slaves and free blacks. "Forging Freedom" was produced by HCTV in 2016.
  • ​Gabriel's Conspiracy: A Documentary History | UVA Press​ 
The plans for a large slave rebellion in the Richmond area in 1800, orchestrated by a literate enslaved blacksmith named Gabriel, leaked out before they could ...

Gabriel's Conspiracy, Capitol, 1 of 9

Historian Dr. Phillip Schwarz summarizes Gabriel's plan to take over the Virginia State Capitol and the Governor's Mansion, as given in evidence by Solomon.

Gabriel's Conspiracy in History and Memory by Douglas Egerton

​Presentation by professor Douglas Egerton of Le Moyne College about the slave uprising organized in 1800 by Gabriel, an enslaved blacksmith on the Brookfield plantation. Presented on February 22, 2018 at the University of Mary Washington.

1811 - Slave Revolt in Louisiana

On January 8, 1811, a slave revolt led by Charles Deslondes swept by Destrehan's Plantation. The insurrection began at the plantation of Manuel Andry in St. John the Baptist Parish. Slaves attacked Andry wounding him and seizing any weapons that could be found.
1811 Slave Revolt | Destrehan Plantation

Largest slave revolt in U.S. history lives on in reenactment

​In 1811, more than 200 enslaved people in present-day Louisiana launched the largest insurgency of people in bondage in U.S. history. The revolt lasted only a few days before the poorly armed rebels were crushed by a militia and U.S. troops. But more than two centuries later, their story is living on in a performance called "Slave Rebellion Reenactment." Special Correspondent Brian Palmer reports.

Who Said We Didn't Fight Back?...Louisiana Uprising of 1811

​We want to create content MORE FREQUENTLY and keep this information FREE TO THE PUBLIC/MASSES. You can help make that possible with as little as $5 per month. CLICK ON THE LINK and help us to TELL OUR STORIES. https://www.patreon.com/user?u=3799372 We are rarely taught of instances where our ancestors fought back against the harsh treatment of White Supremacy unless it was in the form of REFORM. Most of our ancestors fought for revolutionary change which was for TRUE LIBERATION. We wanted our own sovereignty because it was completely unnatural for one race to rule over another. Learn how our heroic ancestors had the audacity to fight trying to create a Black Republic around the New Orleans territory to ensure true democracy and freedom for blacks then and for future generations.
  • How a Nearly Successful Slave Revolt Was Intentionally Lost ...​ 
Jan 8, 2016 — More than 500 slaves fought for their freedom in this oft-overlooked rebellion. ... Two hundred and five years ago, on the night of January 8, 1811, ... of the revolt, area museums and historical sites in Louisiana organized a ...
  • ​The Enslaved Peoples' Uprising of 1811 | New Orleans ...
The Louisiana Slave Revolt of 1811 was the largest slave insurrection in the history of the United States. The revolt was carried out by enslaved men and women, ...

​The Slave Revolt of 1811

​The largest slave revolt in American history happened near New Orleans

America's largest slave revolt brought back to life

​Performance artist Dread Scott recreates the the largely untold story of the 1811 slave rebellion in southern Louisiana. Winding through old plantation country, petrochemical plants and the city of New Orleans, the Guardian followed re-enactors along the route

1811 Slave Rebellion Exhibits at Destrehan Plantation

​Get information on the grand opening exhibit to kick off a year-long commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the largest slave revolt in U.S. history.

1820 - The Missouri Compromise

The Missouri Compromise was United States federal legislation that stopped northern attempts to forever prohibit slavery's expansion by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state in exchange for legislation which prohibited slavery north of the 36°30′ parallel except for Missouri. Wikipedia
In an effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states, the Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820 admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. ... In 1854, the Missouri Compromise was repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act.Mar 7, 2019
Introduction - Missouri Compromise: Primary Documents in ...

​What Was the Missouri Compromise? | History

Learn more about the Missouri Compromise of 1820, a temporary solution to the brewing controversy over slavery in the United States. ​

The Missouri Compromise

​In 1819, when Missouri enters the union, a compromise is reached about whether Missouri should be a slave or free state.
  • The Missouri Compromise [ushistory.org] 
The crucial compromise there that sacrificed the rights of African Americans in favor of a stronger union among the states exploded once more in 1819 when ...
  • ​Africans in America/Part 3/Missouri Compromise - PBS 
Click here for the text of this historical document. The 1819 application for statehood by the Missouri Territory sparked a bitter debate in Congress over the issue ...
  • ​Missouri Compromise - Ohio History Central
The Missouri Compromise of 1820 maintained the balance among states favoring and opposed to slavery in the Congress of the United States. In 1818, the ...

1822 - The Vesey Conspiracy

Denmark Vesey was an African American leader in Charleston, South Carolina. He worked as a carpenter. In June 1822 he was accused and convicted of being the leader of "the rising," a potentially major slave revolt which was scheduled to take place in the city on July 14. He was executed on July 2. Wikipedia

​Life of Denmark Vesey

​A look into the life of radical abolitionist Denmark Vesey. Original music and narration by Huw Messie.

Denmark Vesey Slave Uprising planned at the AME Church in Charleston SC 1822

​The largest slave uprising in the United States was planned for July 14, 1822 by former slave Denmark Vesey. It was over before it was started due to a leak. 9000 slaves were involved, 131 were arrested, then either deported or hanged in this massive scheme in which the Governor and the mayor were to be killed, the city arsenal broke into, anyone out at night were to be murdered, fires to be set throughout the city and all the slaves would sail off to Haiti on the ships in the Charleston Harbor. All this was planned by Denmark Vesey in the AME Church in Charleston, S.C. where recently and ironically a most tragic event has occurred.

Geechee 101 | Denmark Vesey | How To Explore Charleston

​Did you know there was a statue in Charleston,SC honoring the leader of what would've been the biggest slave rebellion?

Denmark Vesey: Reclaiming Lineage and Legacy Book Club #1

FIND YVETTE ONLINE HERE: The web: http://breakingbrown.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ydcarnell Instagram: ycarnell Twitter: @BreakingBrown
  • Denmark Vesey (U.S. National Park Service) 
Jul 17, 2020 — Denmark Vesey, a carpenter and formerly enslaved person, allegedly planned an enslaved insurrection to coincide with Bastille Day in Charleston, South Carolina in 1822. Vesey modeled his rebellion after the successful 1791 slave revolution in Haiti.
  • Denmark Vesey Conspires to Lead a Slave Revolt - History ... 
Date(s):, May 1, 1822 to July 14, 1822 ... Denmark Vesey and his supporters planned a slave rebellion for July 14, 1822. ... had been requested to give his assent and subscribe his name to a list of persons already engaged in the conspiracy.

1827-1829 - Freedom's Journal, the first African-American owned and operated newspaper

Freedom's Journal was the first African-American owned and operated newspaper published in the United States. Founded by Rev. John Wilk and other free black men in New York City, it was published weekly starting with the 16 March 1827 issue. Wikipedia

The Black Press: From Freedom’s Journal to The Crisis, Ebony & Jet

Be Woke Presents Black History in Two Minutes (or so) https://blackhistoryintwominutes.com ​

The Black Press

​Two barrier-breaking newspapers in American journalism celebrate anniversaries this year.
  • Freedom's Journal (1827-1829) BlackPast  
Jan 4, 2011 — Freedom's Journal was the first African American owned and operated newspaper in the United States. A weekly four column publication ..

1831 - Nat Turner Slave Revolt

​Nathanial “Nat” Turner (1800-1831) was an enslaved man who led a rebellion of enslaved people on August 21, 1831. His action set off a massacre of up to 200 Black people and a new wave of oppressive legislation prohibiting the education, movement, and assembly of enslaved people.
Nat Turner - Rebellion, Death & Facts - HISTORY

Nat Turner - Slave Rebellion 1800-1831 (African American History)

​Instagram https://www.instagram.com/africnetwork/

"Possession" - Nat Turner's Slave Rebellion 1831 - Short Film HD

​Short film produced as part of the Richmond 48 Hour Film Festival. A short dramatic interpretation and moment of Nat Turner during his 1831 Slave Rebellion. An original short film starring Tyhm Kennedy as the legendary Virginian Nat Turner, this story touches on the brutal reality of the 1831 Southampton, Virginia Slave Revolt. https://www.facebook.com/Possession-t...

The true story of Nat Turner || STEVE HARVEY

​Steve talks with Nate Parker, the man who wrote, directed, produced and starred in one of the most critically acclaimed and most powerful films of the year, “The Birth of a Nation.”
  • ​Nat Turner (1800-1831) • - Blackpast 
Nat Turner (1800-1831) ... Nathaniel “Nat” Turner was born in Southampton County, Virginia on October 2, 1800, the son of slaves owned by ...
  • ​Nat Turner - Rebellion, Death & Facts - HISTORY 
Nathanial “Nat” Turner (1800-1831) was an enslaved man who led a rebellion of enslaved people on August 21, 1831. His action set off a massacre of up to 200 black people and a new wave of oppressive legislation prohibiting the education, movement, and assembly of enslaved people.
  • ​1831 - Nat Turner's Rebellion | AMERICAN HERITAGE
Around two in the morning on August 22, 1831, a group of seven slaves emerged from the woods in Southampton County, Virginia, armed with axes, hatchets, and ...

History through Hollywood

Picture
The Birth of a Nation (2016)
​
Nat Turner, a literate slave and preacher in the antebellum South, orchestrates an uprising.
Director: Nate Parker
Writers: Nate Parker (screenplay by), Nate Parker (story by) 
Stars: Nate Parker, Armie Hammer, Penelope Ann Miller

The impact of Nat Turner's rebellion still felt today

​With freedom on his mind, Turner lead a group of slave through Southhampton to liberate themselves. WAVY 10's Tom Schaad reports.
  • ​Nat Turner's Slave Uprising Left Complex Legacy
Nat Turner was an African-American slave preacher in Virginia who led the bloodiest slave rebellion in American history. In the 185 years that ...
  • ​A Rebellion to Remember: The Legacy of Nat Turner
Nat Turner's rebellion was one of the bloodiest and most effective in American history. It ignited a culture of fear in Virginia that eventually spread to the rest of the ...
  • ​"'The Haunted Houses': Legacy of Nat Turner's Slave ...
Nearly 188 years ago, the self-styled preacher Nat Turner led fellow slaves from farm to farm in Southampton County, killing almost every white ...

1839 - United States v. The Amistad

United States v. Schooner Amistad, 40 U.S. 518, was a United States Supreme Court case resulting from the rebellion of Africans on board the Spanish schooner La Amistad in 1839. It was an unusual freedom suit that involved international issues and parties, as well as United States law. Wikipedia

Amistad Rebellion: The First Civil Rights Case

​The rebellion of a group of 53 kidnapped West Africans in 1839 led to the first civil rights case in the United States. The case was first heard in the Hartford and New Haven U.S. Circuit Courts and then the U.S. Supreme Court. It galvanized the nation's attention on slavery in the years before the Civil War.
  • ​The Amistad revolt 
In January 1839, 53 African natives were kidnapped from eastern Africa and sold into ... The slaves were shackled and loaded aboard the cargo schooler Amistad ... The 53 Africans were sent to prison, pending hearing of their case before the ...
  • ​The Amistad Case, 1839 - Milestones: 1830–1860 - Office of ...
The Amistad Case, 1839. When the Spanish cargo schooner La Amistad came aground off the coast of Long Island, New York in August 1839, the United States ...
  • ​The Amistad: A Detailed Timeline - National Park Service
PDF
turned to Cuba to stand trial for mutiny and murder. James Covey's deposition for the Amistad captives. September 9. Yale professor Josiah Gibbs finds Mende ...
  • ​The Amistad Case | National Archives
Two Spanish plantation owners, Pedro Montes and Jose Ruiz, purchased 53 Africans and put them aboard the Cuban schooner Amistad to ship them to a ...
  • ​The Amistad Case | The Law Museum
The trial became a cause celebre for abolitionists and in 1841, the case went to the U.S. Supreme Court, which agreed with the Africans' assertions and ordered​ ...
  • ​An Amistad Summary
The first Amistad case. After sixty days at sea, the Amistad came aground at Montauk Point, on New York's Long Island; several of the slaves left the ship to get ..

History through Hollywood

Picture
​Amistad (1997)
​
In 1839, the revolt of Mende captives aboard a Spanish owned ship causes a major controversy in the United States when the ship is captured off the coast of Long Island. The courts must decide whether the Mende are slaves or legally free.
Director: Steven Spielberg
Writer: David Franzoni
Stars: Djimon Hounsou, Matthew McConaughey, Anthony Hopkins

The Amistad Case | "Give us Free"

​Cinque and his fellow Amistad captives - so called because they were being transported to slavery on the schooner La Amistad when they revolted and took over the ship - were charged with murder and piracy for their actions. In their defense, the captives contended they revolted as free Africans who had been kidnapped and sold into slavery. The trial became a cause celebre for abolitionists and in 1841, the case went to the U.S. Supreme Court, which agreed with the Africans' assertions and ordered them freed. Amistad has been hailed as the first civil rights case to come before the U.S. Supreme Court. It is also the first time that a former president - John Quincy Adams - argued a case before the nation's highest tribunal. Despite its prominence and the Court's surprising ruling, however, the case had little impact in diminishing slavery in the young nation.

Hidden History: La Amistad

​A slave ship is teaching future generations about the history of the Atlantic Slave trade.

1818-1895 - Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass was an American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. After escaping from slavery in Maryland, he became a national leader of the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts and New York, becoming famous for his oratory and incisive antislavery writings. Wikipedia

Frederick Douglass - Journalist & Civil Rights Activist | Mini Bio | BIO

​Abolitionist leader Frederick Douglass was born into slavery sometime around 1818 in Talbot County, Maryland. He became one of the most famous intellectuals of his time, advising presidents and lecturing to thousands on a range of causes, including women’s rights and Irish home rule. Among Douglass’ writings are several autobiographies eloquently describing his experiences in slavery and his life after the Civil War, including the well-known work Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. He died on February 20, 1895.

Frederick Douglass’ Incredible Legacy | Told by Laurence Fishburne | History at Home

​Academy Award nominee and Emmy Award winner, Laurence Fishburne, teaches about Frederick Douglass, one of the most famous intellectuals in the 19th century. #HISTORYAtHome
  • ​About this Collection | Frederick Douglass Papers at the Library
The Frederick Douglass Papers at the Library of Congress presents the papers of the nineteenth-century African American abolitionist who escaped from slavery ...
  • ​Frederick Douglass - PBS
Frederick Douglass would continue his active involvement to better the lives of African Americans. He conferred with Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and ...
  • Frederick Douglass, 1818-1895 
Frederick Douglass was the most important black American leader of the 19th century. He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, in Talbot County, on ...
Edited works: My Bondage and My Freedom
Place of birth: Talbot County
  • ​1818 to 1835 | Frederick Douglass Timeline | Articles and ...
1818 Born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, a slave, in Tuckahoe, Talbot County, Maryland. · 1819-23 Raised by grandmother Betsey Bailey at Holme Hill ...

America the Story of Us: Frederick Douglass | History

​Being a slave who had successfully escaped, Frederick Douglass was able to communicate the plight of slaves as no one else cold. Own America: The Story of Us on DVD or Blu-ray! http://www.shophistorystore.com/
  • ​Frederick Douglass - Frederick Douglass National Historic ...
In his journey from captive slave to internationally renowned activist, Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) has been a source of inspiration and ...

Frederick Douglass: From Slave to Statesman

​Frederick Douglass was born into slavery, but through his own heroic efforts became one of the most influential advocates for freedom in American history. His journey, a tale both agonizing and inspiring, should be known by everyone. Timothy Sandefur, author of "Frederick Douglass: Self-Made Man," guides us through Douglass’ amazing life.

This video was made in partnership with the American Battlefield Trust. Learn more about Frederick Douglas at http://bit.ly/2Zf0sSq

Early 1800s until Emancipation - Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early to mid-19th century. It was used by enslaved African Americans primarily to escape into free states and Canada. Wikipedia
  • Underground Railroad - HISTORY
The Underground Railroad was a network of people, African American as well as white, offering shelter and aid to escaped enslaved people ...
  • ​What is the Underground Railroad? - Underground Railroad ...
Oct 15, 2020 — The Underground Railroad—the resistance to enslavement through escape and flight, through the end of the Civil War—refers to the efforts of enslaved African Americans to gain their freedom by escaping bondage. Wherever slavery existed, there were efforts to escape.

How The Underground Railroad Worked

What was the Underground Railroad? How The Underground Railroad Worked? The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes in The United States that helped enslaved people go north and escape slavery. It is estimated that about 100,000 people escaped through The Underground Railroad. Some of them went as far as Canada to avoid U.S jurisdiction because after The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 passed, escapees were not safe even in the free states. The Underground Railroad wasn't run by an organization, but rather by many people, both white and black, both abolitionists and people who were once enslaved. Agents, Conductors, Stations, Station Masters were some coded names that stood for people who were part of the network. ​

​Dawn of Day: Stories from the Underground Railroad

Dawn of Day is a historical documentary about the Underground Railroad in Kansas that brings to light Wabaunsee County’s unsung heroes who traversed one of the most turbulent times in our nation’s history. Faith, family, and politics united a community of neighbors who lived and died to ensure Kansas was a free state. Richard Pitts, director of the Wonder Workshop in Manhattan, Kansas, narrates the film and interviews educators, historians and descendants of abolitionists whose shared heritage lives on in the freedom we enjoy today. ​
  • ​The Underground Railroad - PBS
In 1786 George Washington complained about how one of his runaway slaves was helped by a "society of Quakers, formed for such purposes." The system grew, ...

Underground Railroad
​Historical Sites:

  • ​Franklin Mills and The Underground Railroad Memorial
    • Kent, OH
  • Haines House Underground Railroad Museum
    • Alliance, OH
  • Underground Railroad Memorial
    • Oberlin, OH
  • Underground Railroad Museum
    • Flushing, OH
  • Hubbard House Underground Railroad Museum
    • Ashtabula, OH
  • Alum Creek & The Underground Railroad / The Underground Railroad
    • Columbus, OH
  • International Memorial to the Underground Railroad
    • Detroit, MI
  • National Underground Railroad Freedom Center
    • Cincinnati, OH
  • John Freeman Walls Historic Site
    • Emeryville, ON, Canada
  • Brick Hotel-Underground Railroad Historic Landmark
    • New Concord, OH
  • Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center
    • Niagara Falls, NY
  • Blairsville Underground Railroad
    • Blairsville, PA
  • Underground Railroad Agents in Coshocton County
    • Coshocton, OH
  • Blairsville Underground Railroad History Center
    • Blairsville, PA
  • Cozad Bates House
    • Cleveland, OH
  • Spring Hill Historic Home
    • Massillon, OH
  • Putnam Underground Railroad Ed
    • Zanesville, OH

The Underground Railroad Tour

​A walking tour of the Springboro Ohio Stop on the Underground Railroad. This tour, given by local historian, author and teacher Don Ross, was produced in September of 2019.

c.1820-1913 - Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist and political activist. Born into slavery, Tubman escaped and subsequently made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including family and friends, using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known as the Underground Railroad. Wikipedia

TED-Ed: The breathtaking courage of Harriet Tubman - Janell Hobson

Take a closer look at the life of escaped slave and American icon Harriet Tubman, who liberated over 700 enslaved people using the Underground Railroad. ​

Harriet Tubman: Rescued Over 300 Slaves through Underground Railroad | Biography

​Harriet Tubman was an incredibly brave woman who sacrificed her own life to free hundreds of slaves from plantations via the underground railroad. Find out more about her life in this mini biography. #Biography #HarrietTubman #BlackHistoryMonth
  • ​Harriet Tubman |America's Library - Library of Congress 
Born: c. 1820, Dorchester County, Maryland Died: March 10, 1913, Auburn, New York. Harriet Tubman was a runaway slave from Maryland who became known ...
  • ​Harriet Tubman Biography - National Women's History Museum
Harriet Tubman · Known as the “Moses of her people,” Harriet Tubman was enslaved, escaped, and helped others gain their freedom as a “conductor" of the​ ...
  • ​Harriet Tubman (U.S. National Park Service)
Born into slavery on Maryland's Eastern Shore in 1822, Tubman was named Araminta by her enslaved parents, Ben and Rit Ross. Nearly killed ...

History through Hollywood

Picture
Harriet (2019)
​
The extraordinary tale of Harriet Tubman's escape from slavery and transformation into one of America's greatest heroes, whose courage, ingenuity, and tenacity freed hundreds of slaves and changed the course of history.
Director: Kasi Lemmons
Stars: Cynthia Erivo, Janelle Monáe, Leslie Odom Jr.

Harriet Tubman's road to freedom

​Harriet Tubman, a tiny woman who could neither read nor write, pulled off superheroine-like exploits in the years before the Civil War. With the help of the Underground Railroad, she not only escaped from a Maryland plantation to freedom in the North, she went back, 13 times over 10 years, to guide more than 70 enslaved people to freedom. And during the war, she became the first American woman to lead troops into battle, near Beaufort, S.C. Martha Teichner visits historic sites that were part of Tubman's remarkable life story, and with actress Cynthia Erivo, who plays the iconic figure in a new biopic, "Harriet."
  • ​Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical ...
Harriet Tubman was a deeply spiritual woman who lived her ideals and dedicated her life to freedom. She is the Underground Railroad's best known conductor ...

What You Never Knew About Harriet Tubman

​One of our nation's greatest heroes, Harriet Tubman led slaves north to freedom via secret paths and waterways, but her skills also made her a valuable military asset to the Union Army. From: CIVIL WAR 360: Fight for Freedom http://bit.ly/1mAjnv3

The Compromise of 1850

The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850 that defused a political confrontation between slave and free states on the status of territories acquired in the Mexican–American War. Wikipedia

Sound Smart: Compromise of 1850 | History

Matthew Pinsker gives a crash course on the Compromise of 1850, the resolution to a dispute over slavery in territory gained after the Mexican-American War. ​
  • ​Introduction - Compromise of 1850: Primary Documents in ...
The Compromise of 1850 consists of five laws passed in September of 1850 that dealt with the issue of slavery and territorial expansion. In 1849 ...

The Compromise of 1850 Attempts to Settle the Slavery Question

Although slavery wasn't mentioned specifically in the Constitution, the Fugitive Slave Law was drawn from rules concerning property as outlined in the Constitution.

Compromise of 1850

​The Compromise of 1850 is an attempt to resolve differences between northerners and southerners about whether slavery should exist in new territories of the west.

The Compromise of 1850 Attempts to Settle the Slavery Question

​Professor Eric Foner of Columbia University places the Compromise of 1850 in a long line of compromises over the issue of slavery, going back to the Constitutional Convention.
  • Compromise of 1850 (1850) - Our Documents 
The bills provided for slavery to be decided by popular sovereignty in the admission of new states, prohibited the slave trade in the District of Columbia, settled a ...
  • Compromise of 1850 | American Battlefield Trust 
The Compromise of 1850 was a set of laws passed dealing with the controversial issue of slavery. Below are the resolutions created by Senator Henry Clay to ...

1851 - Sojourner Truth, Electrifies Women's Rights Conference

Sojourner Truth was an American abolitionist and women's rights activist. Truth was born into slavery in Swartekill, New York, but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. After going to court to recover her son in 1828, she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man. Wikipedia

Sojourner Truth

​Sojourner Truth Quotes, Speech, Biography, Education, Facts, History. Sojourner Truth (/soʊˈdʒɜːrnər ˈtruːθ/; born Isabella ("Bell") Baumfree; c. 1797 – November 26, 1883) was an African-American abolitionist and women's rights activist. Truth was born into slavery in Swartekill, Ulster County, New York, but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. After going to court to recover her son, in 1828 she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man. She gave herself the name Sojourner Truth in 1843. Her best-known speech was delivered extemporaneously, in 1851, at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio. The speech became widely known during the Civil War by the title "Ain't I a Woman?," a variation of the original speech re-written by someone else using a stereotypical Southern dialect; whereas Sojourner Truth was from New York and grew up speaking Dutch as her first language. During the Civil War, Truth helped recruit black troops for the Union Army; after the war, she tried unsuccessfully to secure land grants from the federal government for former slaves. In 2014, Truth was included in Smithsonian magazine's list of the "100 Most Significant Americans of All Time".

Sojourner Truth - Civil Rights Activist | Mini Bio | BIO

Sojourner Truth (born Isabella Baumfree, c. 1797 to November 26, 1883) was an African-American abolitionist and women's rights activist best-known for her speech on racial inequalities, "Ain't I a Woman?", delivered extemporaneously in 1851 at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention. Truth was born into slavery but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. She devoted her life to the abolitionist cause and helped to recruit black troops for the Union Army. Although Truth began her career as an abolitionist, the reform causes she sponsored were broad and varied, including prison reform, property rights and universal suffrage. ​

Sojourner Truth: 'Oprah's No. 1 Black History Heroine'

​Be Woke Presents Black History in Two Minutes (or so) https://blackhistoryintwominutes.com
  • ​Sojourner Truth (Educational Materials: African American ...
Sojourner Truth has the distinction of being the first African American woman to win a lawsuit in the United States; the first was when she fought for her son's ...

The electrifying speeches of Sojourner Truth - Daina Ramey Berry

​Get to know the story of Sojourner Truth, a woman born into slavery who became known as a powerful orator and outspoken activist. -- Isabella Baumfree was born into slavery in late 18th century New York. Fleeing bondage with her youngest daughter, she renamed herself Sojourner Truth and embarked on a legendary speaking tour. She became known as an electrifying orator and her speeches impacted thousands of people in communities across the United States. Daina Ramey Berry details the life of the outspoken activist. Lesson by Daina Ramey Berry, directed by WOW-HOW Studio.

TEDxFiDiWomen: Sojourner Truth's "Ain't I a Woman": Nkechi 

​Nkechi (pronounced nnn-KAY-chee) is an actress, singer-songwriter, philanthropist and painter who has worked in theater, television and film. She received her Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University and attended American Conservatory Theater's 2012 Summer Training Congress. Recent feature film credits include IFC's "About Cherry". Theater credits include "My Recollect Time" about Montana folk hero Stagecoach Mary Fields. Nkechi is founder of The Emeruwa Music Foundation which produces and hosts events to help raise awareness for the charities she supports. Sojourner Truth was the self-given name of Isabella Baumfree, an African-American abolitionist and women's rights activist. Truth was born into slavery in Swartekill,Ulster County, New York, but escaped with her infant daughter to freedom in 1826. After going to court to recover her son, she became the first black woman to win such a case against a white man. Her best-known extemporaneous speech on gender inequalities, "Ain't I a Woman?", was delivered in 1851 at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio. During the Civil War, Truth helped recruit black troops for the Union Army; after the war, she tried unsuccessfully to secureland grants from the federal government for former slaves.
  • Truth, "Address at the Woman's Rights Convention," Speech ...
SOJOURNER TRUTH, “ADDRESS AT THE WOMAN'S RIGHTS CONVENTION IN AKRON, OHIO” (29 MAY 1851). Robinson 
  • ​Biography: Sojourner Truth - National Women's History Museum
Sojourner Truth · A former slave, Sojourner Truth became an outspoken advocate for abolition, temperance, and civil and women's rights in the nineteenth century.
  • ​First Women's Rights Movement - Ohio History Central 
Lucy Stone was an abolitionist and a prominent leader in the women's rights ... asking the Ohio Constitutional Convention of 1850-1851 to give women the right to vote. ... It was at this conference that Sojourner Truth, a former slave, gave her ...

1852 - Uncle Tom's Cabin Published 

Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War". Wikipedia

Who Was Uncle Tom? (Another Forgotten Black Hero Pt 3)

​Let's start respecting who Uncle Tom was, what he was about, and what he did. Change the meaning of Uncle Tom. This mini doc immortalizes the man who was the inspiration for Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in an epic tale of courage and bravery in the face of unimaginable trials Email me at Historywithnochaser@gmail.com Fb messenger at Nico Boom Boom Jefferson

UNCLE TOM'S CABIN by Harriet Beecher Stowe Volume 1 - complete unabridged audiobook

​Fab Audio Books
  • ​Uncle Tom's Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe Center
In 1852, the serial was published as a two-volume book. Uncle Tom's Cabin was a runaway best-seller, selling 10,000 copies in the United States in its first week; ...
  • ​Harriet Beecher Stowe — Uncle Tom's Cabin [ushistory.org]
This was Abraham Lincoln's reported greeting to Harriet Beecher Stowe when he met her ten years after her book Uncle Tom's Cabin was published. Althou

History through Hollywood

Picture
​Uncle Tom's Cabin (TV Movie 1987)
The life of an aging black slave, Tom, and the people with whom he interacts.
Director: Stan Lathan
Writers: Harriet Beecher Stowe (novel), John Gay (teleplay)
Stars: Avery Brooks, Kate Burton, Bruce Dern 

The True Story Behind 'Uncle Tom's Cabin,' The Book that Rocked Pre-Civil War America

​The True Story Behind 'Uncle Tom's Cabin,' The Book that Rocked Pre-Civil War America

Who is Harriet Beecher Stowe?

​AMERICAN EXPERIENCE's "The Abolitionists" premieres on PBS January 8, 2013 at 9/8c. Learn more: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexper...
  • Uncle Tom's Cabin - Ohio History Central
During the early 1850s, Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin. ... William Lloyd Garrison, an abolitionist editor, published a newspaper called The ...

1854 - The Kansas-Nebraska Act

The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854, colloquially known as just the Kansas-Nebraska Act, was a territorial organic act that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska. It was drafted by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas, passed by the 33rd United States Congress, and signed into law by President Franklin Pierce. Wikipedia

Sound Smart: The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 | History

Get a crash course on the causes and consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 with historian Matthew Pinsker.

TED-Ed: How one piece of legislation divided a nation - Ben Labaree, Jr.

​View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-legisla... You may think that things are heated in Washington today, but the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 had members of Congress so angry they pulled out their weapons -- and formed the Republican Party. The issues? Slavery and states' rights, which led the divided nation straight into the Civil War. Ben Labaree, Jr. explains how Abraham Lincoln's party emerged amidst the madness. Lesson by Ben Labaree, Jr., animation by Qa'ed Mai.
  • ​U.S. Senate: The Kansas-Nebraska Act
Ostensibly a bill “to organize the Territory of Nebraska,” an area covering the present-day states of Kansas, Nebraska, Montana, and the Dakotas, contemporaries ...

The Kansas Nebraska Act

​The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 opens a vast new area of the American heartland to settlement, but along with that comes the unresolved questions about slavery.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act.

​In this Johnson County Library documentary, Historians Dianne Mutti Burke, Katie Armitage, and Jeremy Neely explain how the The Kansas-Nebraska Act lead to "Bleeding Kansas."
  • Introduction - Kansas-Nebraska Act: Primary Documents in ...
Jun 22, 2020 — Enacted on May 30, 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise. This guide compiles Library of Congress digital ...

1856 - Wilberforce University Founded

​Wilberforce University is the nation’s oldest private, historically black University owned and operated by African Americans. Its roots trace back to its founding in 1856, a period of American history marred by the physical bondage of people of African descent. It was also a period when the education of African Americans was not only socially prohibited but was illegal. There was nothing about the prevailing social and cultural ethos of the era that suggested that African Americans might or should be taught or could learn. Yet a powerful idea assumed life and Wilberforce University was born. The founding of Wilberforce University represented a bold, audacious and visionary example of what could happen when men and women of goodwill transcended race and the prevailing social and cultural constructs and norms to pursue a noble purpose.
Wilberforce University was named for the great eighteenth century abolitionist, William Wilberforce who said “We are too young to realize that certain things are impossible… So, we will do them anyway.” It was this can-do spirit that infused Wilberforce University with...
https://wilberforce.edu/about-wilberforce/

Wilberforce University

​This video is about Wilberforce University. Founded in 1856, It was the first college owned and operated by Black Americans. Enjoy.
What did William Wilberforce study at university?
Wilberforce University was established near Xenia, Ohio in 1856 as a joint venture between the Methodist Episcopal Church and the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Named after 18th century abolitionist William Wilberforce, it was the first private, historically black university in the United States.Oct 27, 2009
  • Wilberforce University (1856- ) - BlackPast

WILBERFORCE UNIVERSITY - AMERICA'S FIRST BLACK UNIVERSITY

​Wilberforce University is a private historically black university in Wilberforce, Ohio. Affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), it was the first college to be owned and operated by African Americans. It participates in the United Negro College Fund. Central State University, also in Wilberforce, Ohio, began as a department of Wilberforce University where Ohio state legislators could sponsor scholarship students. The college was founded in 1856 by a unique collaboration between the Cincinnati, Ohio, Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) to provide classical education and teacher training for black youth. The first board members were leaders both black and white. However, during the American Civil War (1861–65), the student population declined and financial losses closed the college in 1863. The AME Church purchased the institution to ensure its survival. AME Bishop Daniel Payne was one of the university's original founders and became the first president after re-opening, the first African American to become a college president in the United States. Prominent white supporters and the US government donated funds for rebuilding after an arson fire in 1865. The college attracted the top professors of the day, including W. E. B. Du Bois. In the late 19th century, it enlarged its mission to include black students from South Africa.
  • Wilberforce University - Ohio History Central
In 1856, the Methodist Episcopal Church established Wilberforce University near Xenia, Ohio, to provide African American access to a college education.
  • Wilberforce University, the country's oldest private historically ...
Jun 30, 2014 — And over the course of its history, the university attracted leading black intellectuals, such as W. E. B. Du Bois and Richard R. Wright, to its faculty.

1857 - Dred Scott v. Sandford 

Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393, was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court in which the Court held that the US Constitution was not meant to include American citizenship for black people, ... Wikipedia

Sound Smart: Dred Scott Case | History

Historian Matthew Pinsker presents a quick rundown of the story of Dred Scott, a slave who sued for his freedom, leading to one of the Supreme Court's most infamous decisions. ​
  • ​Dred Scott v. Sandford | Oyez
A case in which the Court decided that slaves who were descendants of American slaves were not citizens of the United States under Article III of the ...

Dred Scott v. Sandford Case Brief Summary | Law Case Explained

​Get more case briefs explained with Quimbee. Quimbee has over 16,300 case briefs (and counting) keyed to 223 casebooks ► https://www.quimbee.com/case-briefs-o...
  • ​Dred Scott v. Sandford :: 60 U.S. 393 (1856) :: Justia US
In a decision that later was nullified by the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments, the Supreme Court held that former slaves did not have standing in federal ...
  • ​Dred Scott Case - Decision, Definition & Impact - HISTORY
In the Dred Scott case, or Dred Scott v. Sanford, the Supreme Court ruled that no black could claim U.S. citizenship or petition a court for their ...

Constitution Hall Pass: Dred Scott v. Sandford

The Dred Scott Case

Dred Scott v. Sandford was a landmark Supreme Court case decided in 1857, in which the court held that African Americans could not be citizens of the United States. ​
  • Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) - Our Documents
In this ruling, the U.S. Supreme Court stated that slaves were not citizens of the United States and, therefore, could not expect any protection from the Federal ...
Ruling courts: Supreme Court of the United St...
  • ​The Supreme Court . The First Hundred Years . Landmark ...
In Dred Scott v. Sandford (argued 1856 -- decided 1857), the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not American​ ...

1858 - Oberlin–Wellington Rescue

The OBERLIN-WELLINGTON RESCUE concerned a former slave, John Price, who had escaped from his owner, John G. Bacon. He fled to Oberlin, OH, a center of ABOLITIONISM prior to the CIVIL WAR and a depot on the Underground Railroad to Canada. Price lived there peacefully for 2 years until he was recognized by a neighbor of his former master. Bacon sent a slave-catcher named Anderson Jennings to Oberlin, who, with assistants, lured Price out of town and captured him. The party traveled to Wellington...
https://case.edu/ech/articles/o/oberlin-wellington-rescue

Wellington-Oberlin Rescue

​Prince Hall Think Tank - Antonio Caffey: Wellington-Oberlin Rescue
  • Oberlin-Wellington Rescue Case - Ohio History Central
The Oberlin-Wellington Rescue Case of 1858 showed how divided Ohio had become over the issue of slavery. On September 13, 1858, a federal marshal in ...
  • Oberlin-Wellington Rescue | Oberlin College and Conservatory
Sep 18, 2019 — The 1859 trial of the Oberlin Rescuers and their release from the Cuyahoga County Jail represented one of Oberlin's most remarkable ...
  • ​Oberlin-Wellington Rescue in Evangelist - Oberlin College
Coverage of the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue and the Rescuers' Trial in. The Oberlin Evangelist, 1858-1859. Transcriptions by Anita Lock Click on Article Title to ...
  • ​Oberlin-Wellington Rescue (1858) - BlackPast
Mar 28, 2011 — The Oberlin-Wellington Rescue was one such instance of this. It was a struggle between supporters of slavery and supporters of freedom, the ...
  • The Oberlin-Wellington Rescue 1858 - Oberlin Heritage Center
PDF
Jan 6, 2009 — With the help of a few locals (not everyone in Oberlin was an abolitionist), on September 13, 1858 the slave catchers lured Price out of Oberlin ...

Not On Our Watch: The Oberlin-Wellington Rescue of 1858

​Trailer for an original video production about John Price, a runaway slave, captured and jailed by bounty hunters, who was freed by the anti-slavery citizens of Oberlin and Wellington, Ohio, and sent on to freedom in Canada

Heroes of Liberty: Charles Langston and the Oberlin-Wellington Rescuers

​JOIN TAC, Support Liberty! http://tenthamendmentcenter.com/members​ Charles Langston - you probably never heard his name - but he was a great hero of nullification and liberty. This is his story. On September 13, 1858, a federal marshal in Oberlin, Ohio arrested a fugitive slave named John Price. Hoping to avoid resistance and the underground railroad, the marshal took Price to the nearby town of Wellington. But word spread and a group of Oberlin residents went there and met up with others - determined to win Price’s freedom. The marshal and his deputies took refuge in a hotel. The people tried to negotiate for Price’s release. When that failed, they stormed the motel and found him in the attic. They ushered Price out of town and eventually brought him safely to freedom in Canada. But that doesn’t end of the story.
  • Sept. 13, 1858: Oberlin Wellington Rescue - Zinn Education ...
Sept. 13, 1858: Oberlin Wellington Rescue. Time Periods: Civil War Era: 1850 - 1864. Themes: Democracy & Citizenship, Laws & Citizen Rights, Slavery and ...

1859 - Abolitionist John Brown raids federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia

​John H. Brown was an American abolitionist leader. Brown felt that speeches, sermons, petitions, and moral persuasion were ineffective in the cause for abolishing slavery in the United States. An intensely religious man, Brown believed he was raised up by God to strike the death blow to American slavery. Wikipedia

Who is John Brown?

​AMERICAN EXPERIENCE's "The Abolitionists" premieres on PBS January 8, 2013 at 9/8c. Learn more: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexper...
  • ​John Brown Biography | American Battlefield Trust
At the age of 55, Brown moved with his sons to Kansas Territory. In response to the sacking of Lawrence, Kansas, John Brown led a small band of men to ...
  • ​John Brown - Raid on Harpers Ferry & Abolitionist - HISTORY
Nov 27, 2019 — John Brown was a leading figure in the abolitionist movement in the pre-Civil War United States. Unlike many anti-slavery activists, he was not ...

The Raid on Harpers Ferry

​In one fateful night, John Brown brought the country closer to Civil War (Video: Meredith Bragg). Read more at http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history...

America's First Terrorist or National Hero?

​Situated at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers, Harpers Ferry is the site of legendary abolitionist John Brown's historic raid on the US armory in 1859.

1859 - Clotilda: Last Known Slave Ship Arrives in United States

The schooner Clotilda was the last known U.S. slave ship to bring captives from Africa to the United States, arriving at Mobile Bay, in autumn 1859 or July 9, 1860, with 110–160 slaves. Wikipedia

What the Discovery of the Last American Slave Ship Means to Descendants | National Geographic

In this short film, the descendants of Africans on the last known American slave ship, Clotilda, describe what it would mean to discover and document the wreck site of the vessel. ➡ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/NatGeoSubscribe ​​

Last Slave Ship Survivor Gave Interview in the 1930s That Surfaced Almost 90 Years Later

​Last Slave Ship Survivor Gave Interview in the 1930s That Surfaced Almost 90 Years Later 60 years after the abolition of slavery, an anthropologist made a remarkable discovery: She located the LAST surviving slave on the last ship to bring Africans to the United States. In his own words, a heartbreaking story of a young African man who had been kidnapped from his home, crammed into a boat for months, and sent off to America to be sold as a slave…
  • ​The Clotilda Slave Ship | Visit Mobile Alabama 
An international spotlight has found Mobile with the 2018 discovery of the Clotilda, the last known slave ship to enter the United States just ...

Wreck of last known slave ship - found in Alabama

​Almost 160 years after the last known slave ship arrived in Alabama from Africa, the wreck has finally been found.

The Illegal Arrival of America's Last Slave Ship

​The Clotilda, the final ship to bring slaves to the United States, has been hidden in the swamps of Mobile, Alabama for generations. The search for it is a stark reminder of the past and offers proof of family histories that resonates with the families that still call this small town home. #BlackHistory #AmericanHistory
  • The 'Clotilda,' the Last Known Slave Ship to Arrive in the U.S. ...
May 22, 2019 — The 'Clotilda,' the Last Known Slave Ship to Arrive in the U.S., Is Found · The discovery carries intense personal meaning for an Alabama ...
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