1866 to 1877
1866 - Civil Rights Act
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An Act to protect all Persons in the United States in their Civil April 9, 1866. ... same right, in every State and Territory in the United States, to make their rights. An Act to protect all Persons in the United States in their Civil Rights, and furnish the Means of their Vindication. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of ...
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The Civil Rights Bill of 1866 proved to be the opening salvo of the showdown between the 39th Congress (1865–1867) and the President over the future of the .
One such law was the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which declared that all people born in the United States were U.S. citizens and had certain inalienable rights, ...
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July 9, 1868 - 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Civil Rights
The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution: A HistoryThe Fourteenth Amendment was added to the Constitution in 1868 to empower the federal government -- including particularly federal courts -- to stamp out a culture of lawless tyranny and oppression in the South by enforcing basic civil rights of newly freed blacks and their white supporters. This culture of oppression took many forms, including widespread censorship, the systematic disarmament of freedmen and white unionists, and the wholesale denial of economic liberty. At the heart of the Fourteenth Amendment was the Privileges or Immunities Clause, which the Supreme Court effectively deleted from the Constitution in the 1873 Slaughterhouse Cases. Today, that judicial error continues to take its toll on important freedoms like private property and the right to earn an honest living, which receive virtually no protection from courts despite their obvious importance to ensuring the economic autonomy of the freedmen following the Civil War and all Americans today. http://www.ij.org/cje
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The 14th Amendment interpreted against its original meaning [No. 86]
Could an Originalist interpretation of the 14th Amendment have prevented egregious court decisions? Professor John McGinnis argues that true equality and civil rights for African Americans were intended in the 14th Amendment. In Plessy v. Ferguson and other cases, the Supreme Court chose to ignore the original meaning of the 14th Amendment and thus gave rise to decades of injustice that could have been avoided. Professor John O. McGinnis is the George C. Dix Professor in Constitutional Law at Northwestern University School of Law.
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1868 - John Willis Menard: First African American Elected Official
Sep 21, 2017 — In 1868, John Willis Menard won 64 percent of the vote in a special election in Louisiana. But it didn't matter.
Missing: Michigan | Must include: Michigan Mar 6, 2018 — John Willis Menard, a college-educated political activist born to free parents of French Creole descent, made his Central American journey as a ...
Nov 11, 2009 — John Willis Menard, abolitionist, author, journalist and politician, was born in 1838 in Kaskaskia, Illinois, to French Creole parents. He was the ...
John Willis Menard, abolitionist, author, journalist and politician, was born in 1838 in Kaskaskia, Illinois, to French Creole parents. He was the first African ...
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3rd November 1868: John Willis Menard became the first African-American to be elected to Congress
John Willis Menard was born in 1838 to free people of color in Kaskaskia, Illinois. Educated at an abolitionist school in the small city of Sparta, and later at Iberia College in Ohio, he established himself as a gifted speaker and by 1862 had moved to Washington, D.C. where he wrote for African-American newspapers. While in the capital, Menard debated the idea of colonial settlements for freed slaves with Frederick Douglass. This brought him to the attention of Abraham Lincoln’s Commissioner of Emigration, who appointed him to a clerkship in the Interior Department. Nevertheless, as one of the first African-American clerks in the federal government, Menard faced resentment and criticism from his white colleagues and resigned three months later. In 1865 Menard settled in New Orleans where he established his own newspaper as well as being an inspector of customs and a commissioner of streets. As an active member of the Louisiana Republican Party he became their candidate in 1868’s special election to succeed James Mann, a Democrat who had died in office. Running against Caleb S. Hunt, Menard secured approximately 64 percent of the vote, and on 3 November 1868 became the first African-American person to be elected to the United States Congress. Despite the large margin of defeat, Hunt contested the election and the two men were invited to Washington where Menard became the first African-American man to address Congress. He presented his case in the chamber of the House of Representatives, but after lengthy debate neither candidate secured enough support from Congress and the seat remained vacant.
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1868 - Mary Ellen Pleasant
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Jan 31, 2019 — Born into slavery, Mary Ellen Pleasant became a Gold Rush-era millionaire, defying conventions of what a black woman could be in the 19th ...
Mother of California Civil Rights Movement Hailed as the mother of civil rights in California, Mary Ellen Pleasant was a self-made millionaire and leading abolitionist during the Gold-Rush era.
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1870 - 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Voting Rights
Sound Smart: The 15th Amendment | History
Historian Yohuru Williams give a brief rundown of the history of the 15th Amendment, which outlawed votings rights discrimination after the Civil War.
15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Voting Rights (1870) ... Passed by Congress February 26, 1869, and ratified February 3, 1870, the 15th amendment granted African American men the right to vote.
Jan 3, 2019 — Ratified in 1870, the 15th Amendment granted African American men the right to vote. This guide provides access to digital collections at the ...
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150th Anniversary of the 15th Amendment | Robert Nusbaum Center of VWU
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February 25, 1870 - Hiram Revels: First African American Senator
Senator Hiram Revels of Mississippi was the first African American member of the United States Senate. He took the oath of office on February 25, 1870.
Library of Congress A freeman his entire life, Hiram Rhodes Revels was the first African American to serve in the ... in politics, taking his first elected position as a Natchez alderman in 1868. ... of Senators Oliver Morton of Indiana and Zachariah Chandler of Michigan. ... He also edited the Southwestern Christian Advocate newspaper, the official ...
The First Colored Senator and Representatives, Currier & Ives lithography, 1872. Left to right: Senator Hiram Revels (MS), Representatives Benjamin Turner (AL), Robert DeLarge (SC), Josiah Walls (FL), Jefferson Long (GA), Joseph Rainey (SC), and Robert Elliott (SC).
The First Colored Senator and Representatives, Currier & Ives ... Black Americans in Congress. Since 1870, when Senator Hiram Revels of Mississippi and Representative Joseph Rainey of South Carolina became the first ...
"First Colored Senator and Representatives in the 41st and 42nd Congress of the United States. ... By Currier and Ives, 1872. Courtesy of the Library of Congress. Reconstruction saw the election of an African American senator, Hiram Revels ...
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Did you know this part of Black History?
Voter Fraud is not something new in America, it's sad that we have forgotten this horrible part of Black History.
Feb 25, 2020 — The First African American Senator; Hiram Revels. ... was the election of African Americans to Congress, including those depicted in this 1872 ...
The First African Americans Elected to Congress
These were the first African Americans elected to office. Many people don't know much about them. Here are a few facts that might surprise you. #History #HistoryWithTim #WallBuilders #Republican #Democrat #AfricanAmericanHistory
Feb 25, 2020 — In 1868 he gained his first elected position, as alderman for the town of Natchez. The next year he won election to the state senate, as one of 35 ...
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Jim Crow Segregation Laws
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Jim Crow laws began in 1877 when the Supreme Court ruled states couldn't prohibit segregation on common modes of transportation. Learn more about Jim ...
Missing: 1871 - | Must include: 1871 - From 1869 to 1871 the goal was to destroy Reconstruction by murduring blacks - and some. The Ku Klux Klan was formed as a social club by a group of ...
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A 1915 health care segregation law prevented white nurses from caring for black male patients. Unlike other former Confederacy states, no laws were enacted ... |
Jim Crow Laws In the South
After the Emancipation Proclamation, blacks fill local and national offices, but white southerners are determined to pass new state laws to curtail this progress.
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Civil Rights Act of 1875
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Radical Republican senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts introduced the Civil Rights Act in 1870 as an amendment to a general amnesty bill for former ...
In 1883, The United States Supreme Court ruled that the Civil Rights act of 1875, forbidding discrimination in hotels, trains, and other public spaces, was ...
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The U.S. Supreme Court strikes down the Civil Rights Act of 1875, which makes it a crime for the operators of hotels, theaters, and other public accommodations ...
Jul 25, 2018 — The Civil Rights Acts of 1875 was initially introduced to Congress in 1870 by Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner and Massachusetts ...
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